Crime and Punishment Analysis Essay

Raskolnikov’s reclamation is a basic component to the story. His connection with Profiry is an impetus for this change. Furthermore, the mental ideas and strategies utilized by the examiner are essential parts of the account. Truth be told, his whole examination includes the utilization of brain research to bait out the killer in what Raskolnikov alludes to as a â€Å"cat and mouse game. † Though Raskolnikov looks at hello there as an enemy, his profound respect for Porfiry’s knowledge and the great use to which he puts it are basic in recovering certain parts of his character. Porfiry Petrovitch is a keen youngster who works for the improvement of his nation. He is extraordinarily given to Russia and accepts his country has a brilliant future. He considers Raskolnikov to be a splendid youngster who can add to Russia. Through the story Petrovitch comes to understand that Raskolnikov has fallen affected by radical new thoughts. He is unmistakably not a typical police officer; else he would have captured the youngster a lot prior in the novel. Without a doubt, Petrovitch’s propelled information on mental strategies makes him appear to be a liberal scholarly. He peruses the article Raskolnikov had expounded on wrongdoing. He brings this up in their first experience and Raskolnikov gives subtleties on his ubbermensch hypothesis. Porfiry reasons that the youthful understudy probably remembered himself for the hypothesis, as he was the person who spread the new thought. He additionally utilizes different strategies, for example, asking whether Raskolnikov saw two painters at Ivanova’s condo. This is an endeavor to trap Raskolnikov, who acknowledges it on the grounds that there were no painters on location until the day of the homicide. Anyway these cunning psyche games and trades furnish the novel with a rich, convincing association. Raskolnikov perceived Porify’s insight, and fears him as a rival. The examiner anyway sees his suspect in an unexpected way. Before long Petrovitch’s point is to show Raskolnikov the blunder of his hypothesis; that his thoughts can't serve humankind except if they are executed by empathetic individuals. Along these lines an individual must utilize both humankind and acumen at the same time all together for their plans to improve society. By finding the mistake of his hypothesis, Raskolnikov can start to acknowledge fault and discipline for his activities. Through languishing over his activities, Raskolnikov can start his ehabilitation and progress towards turning into the esteemed expansion to society that Petrovitch figures he can be. Petrovitch accepts that he can restore Raskolnikov into somebody who can serve Russia in a valuable manner. This is exemplified by the last meeting, wherein he gives Raskolnikov extra an ideal opportunity to admit to the wrongdoing and consequently lessen his degree of discipline. All through their trades, Petrovitch pushes the primary character to make the best decision by speaking to his keenness. His impact on Raskolnikov causes the youngster to acknowledge duty regarding his activities and move towards remaking his life.

A Violent Message in the Art of Popular Culture Essay -- Pop Culture R

A â€Å"Violent† Message in the Art of Popular Culture Numerous individuals accept that present-day music cause division, strain, and here and there brutality. Notwithstanding, it is recognized as craftsmanship in mainstream society. Craftsmanship in mainstream society rotates around activity films, TV sitcoms, and provocative tune verses, which have subjects focused on express sexuality. Craftsmanship in mainstream society is epitomized in music, move, photography, and other work of art that grasps the ills of the world and recognizes that they are speaking to the faculties of individuals who live in a not all that ideal world. Numerous pundits state that mainstream society is a result of age X. A destroyed gathering of individuals. What's going on with mainstream society? For what reason do the people born after WW2 entertain this time of mainstream society a period of frenzy? The appropriate response is obtrusively clear. Mainstream society acknowledges the defects of every one of its admirers and members. For instance, music in mains tream society is commonly regarded as negative. Nonetheless, a positive outcome is that it has a global language and everybody around the globe can identify with what it imparts. Workmanship in mainstream society envelops a typical language, particularly the craft of music. This language dismisses the modern, socialized, educated people. For example, mainstream society hinders the old, exhausting, traditional music that worked out of a similar melodic word reference and reacted to similar harmonies. Though, music in mainstream society rejects amicability as being significant and values extemporization that inhales nurturing cadence in non-basic harmonies. Music in mainstream society is a type particular from both people and old style music kinds. As indicated by The New Harvard Dictionary, it varied from the previous being made and notat... ...loaned in this nation. A few instances of Manson’s music, which can impact youth of today or could have ended the life of the youthful young person recently referenced are Dried Up, Tied Up and Dead to the World; Get Your Gun; Cake and Sodomy; Organ Grinder; Snake Eyes and Sissies; and so forth. It is interesting how rap and hip bounce is basically the main thing considered rough, yet mainstream society originates from confused and brutal components. The two models above can vouch for the past articulation. When taking a gander at different results of mainstream society, for example, slasher motion pictures with unequivocal simulated intercourses; syndicated programs that delineates American ladies as housewives or prostitutes; or individuals like Monica Lewinsky who demonstrates her drawers to wedded men, mainstream society music classifications are simply masterful articulations that reflect cultural qualities in mainstream society. At times individuals don't care for the reflection.

The Greiner Curve Understanding the Crises That Come With Growth

The Greiner Curve Understanding the Crises That Come With Growth From idea to maturity, every company undergoes crisis as they grow. Whether attempting to venture into new markets, add staff or improve profitability, growth is one area where entrepreneurs pay close attention to.And this growth tends to happen in multiple different phases.Things would be relatively stable once the company reaches a particular peak but there will be crisis, bottlenecks, and challenges on the way. A crisis will arise because they’re systemic in growth.In 1972, Larry Greiner laid out the six phases of growth known as the Greiner Curve â€" we’ll examine the phases in detail and learn how to anticipate these crisis and possible solutions. Source: Greiner’s Growth Model CurveWhether youre launching a new venture company or innovating within an existing one, the principles and stages behind the Greiner Curve can help you to understand the phrases and to contain the crisis.UNDERSTANDING THE THEORYIn a fast-growing company, teams can get overwhelmed with the workloads which tend to increase exponentially.Given that there are too many arms and environment to control, previously-effective managers start to miss the mark and previously-effective systems start to develop loopholes under increased load.It’s totally understandable!Modern managers must develop habits and devise means to handle these damaging situations which are fatal to the organization. That’s why the “Greiner Curve” provides us with a useful approach to thinking and understanding the crisis that organizations experience as they grow.Once the root cause of many of these problems is identified, fixing it is as easy as dotting the I’s and crossing th e T’s.PHASES OF GROWTH1. Growth Through CreativityAn important observation in this initial phase of the Greiner Growth Model is that creativity always comes with challenges. This is partly because when creating a new model or system, multiple components such as people, tools, environment, and concept are involved.Business leaders can foster creativity in their teams but they should also anticipate a crisis along the way. It’s inevitable!At this stage, the company is relatively young and can be referred to as a small business. Not because of its gross revenue or net revenue, but the decisions they make and their organizational structure.The organization is also informal and each department still relies heavily on the other departments to function.As the company starts to experience a dramatic change especially when it’s growing so fast, starts to get complex, and the administrators (i.e., founders, CEOs, CMOs) are no longer able to take adequate stock of the situation.When this situation lingers, it can result in a leadership crisis. It becomes difficult for the manager or the administrative team to coordinate the processes. Internal control will no longer be organized because the foundation is weak.Leadership crisis could damage the very ‘essence’ of the organization. In fact, employees could develop satisfaction in their jobs and may even leave. According to a Gallup research of 7,272 U.S. adults, about 50% of employees leave their jobs “to stay away from their manager.”For most organizations, the most effective way to end leadership crisis is when the founder(s) change their leadership style and assume the role of a manager by coordinating the activities of the organization.Better yet, they can hire someone new with the right leadership traits to pioneer their decision-making processes â€" if they’re not capable. After all, research by The Association of Talent Development shows that only 6% of executives say they feel very ready to meet thei r leadership needs.2. Growth Through DirectionThis is an important phase in the Greiner Growth Model because it involves entrepreneurs and senior executives relinquishing some of their power and privileges to a professional manager.As the leadership crisis heats up, appointing functional managers to take up responsibility is essential because organizational growth is achieved through a directional approach.In this same phase, middle management is created to ensure effective distribution of resources and control of the primary processes.Even though the first phase of the Greiner Growth Model is informal, this phase requires the organization to formalize and standardize the Rules, Procedures, and Culture.Formal communications further lead to visible growth in the organization. This is also a phase where there’s a trend in the incentive schemes replacing stock as a financial reward.All in all, the central coordination still rests in the shoulders of the founder but the processes and day to day activities are being manned by the functional managers.In this direction phase, the professional manager and key staff members institute the direction that the organization should go. Also, lower level supervisors take up the responsibility of functional specialists than autonomous decision makers.As these directive management techniques foster the growth of the organization, it can be fun in the beginning but gets complex and diverse later on. This leads to a crisis of autonomy â€" hence the need to delegate.Lets talk about it.3. Growth Through DelegationWhile growth through direction is fundamental to organizational expansion, a state of Autonomy Crisis emerges which calls for new structures and learning. This is where delegation plays a key role.Through delegation, an organization can achieve more and grow exponentially irrespective of the crisis that may arise.Successful delegation can be viewed as a tool which promotes specialization; allowing the top executives to h and over tasks to skilled staff who are better aligned to accomplish tremendous results within a period of time.When delegation becomes the norm in any organization, it allows the executives the time to reflect, prepare for crisis even before they come, and to develop winning strategies. Delegation is an essential ingredient for smart leadership in the organization.According to North Carolina State University, “the main reason why most leaders fail to delegate is that they feel they don’t have enough time.This lame approach allows leaders to complete tasks all by themselves (and waste time) rather than training employees. It hurts the company in the long run.”This is important because as an effective leader, you should be able to work on your business rather than stressing yourself over tasks that you dont enjoy.The benefits of delegation cuts across all industries. It plays a key role in resolving the autonomy crisis.Here’s exactly how:Delegation leads to decentralization w hereby the entrepreneur or top executives delegate important tasks to skilled managers. These managers, in turn, help in achieving tactical and operational objectives.The management rarely intervenes in these areas but only concentrates on strategic decisions. This creates a powerful division structure with separate product groups and skilled managers.Next, we’ll talk about Control Crisis which arises as a result of delegation.4. Growth Through CoordinationGrowth through coordination is the fourth phase of Greiner’s Growth Model.Coordination is what brings together every piece of the equation together. It synchronizes the entire system and ensures that every arm of the organization is working efficiently.When a control crisis arises, effective coordination helps to resolve it.Here’s a case scenario: Imagine that your family finally decided to reunite with every member. You’re expected to have more than 50 family members attending.To capture this memorable moment, you all dec ide that a group picture should be taken.Trust me, it’s easy to make that decision but coordinating where people stand and how in the picture, how the structure would be and getting every member of the family to cooperate is the hard part.To overcome a crisis in control that usually arises after a proper delegation system is in place already, coordination is important. In this phase, you use formal systems to achieve greater results with the top management as the ultimate decision maker.Line managers use coordination to streamline the processes. It’s really the key for unlocking that growth pattern that we often see in a large company.Unfortunately, this could pose some risks and crisis as well. It can lead to a task of conflict between the staff members and departments, between headquarters and field.There’s resentment, staff members complain about unresponsive line managers, and everyone gets hinged and caged down the bureaucratic paper system.Another visible crisis that cou ld happen during growth through coordination is a procedure taking precedence over problem-solving. Also, the organization becomes too large and complex to be controlled via formal programs and rigid systems.Improving workflow coordination through effective communication is important. Where there’s no effective communication within a company (whether small or large), employees struggle being as productive as they’re expected to be.If one employee deals with a new customer and supports him or here, it’s important that the next employee follows through with an understanding of where the first dialogue ended.A case study that’s compiled by Dr. Osako Marie from the Argosy University, Chicago, U.S., shows how General Electric Company leveraged coordination to grow by giving every key staff a chance to share their ideas. Regardless of the crisis, the company still exceeded their goal.A crisis of control can be effectively resolved through centralization and decentralization.This c reates a situation whereby top management takes up the responsibility for coordinating the various divisions and motivating functional managers to engage the entire organization.5. Growth Through CollaborationEmployees understand the impact of teamwork and collaboration and they crave for it. Top executives need to realize how valuable this can be and foster it.Greiner spent more time emphasizing on the importance of collaboration and its impact on the organizational growth and expansion. In Collaboration, theres a simplification and standardization of formal systems, an increase in workshops and educational training programs, and so on.Although there’s no visible crisis that occurs as a result of collaboration, Greiner guessed that:“The issue might revolve around the psychological saturation of staff members who grow and gravitate towards emotionally and physically exhausted state by the intensity of teamwork, the pursuit and pressure for innovative solutions.The collaboration phase of the Growth Model requires a hands-on approach since there are behavioral approaches to managing the crisis in a large organization.More importantly, during collaboration, the management emphasizes greater spontaneity in their decisions and outcomes through teams and creative confrontation of interpersonal differences.From there, self-discipline and social control become the main factors that take lead from formal control. The impact of effective collaboration cant be overemphasized. When properly executed, it could be the difference between an organization that cut costs and acquires resources and one that struggles.For example, collaborating with another organization allows both parties to pool resources and share the load. Often times, partnered organizations split the financial expenses to create a mutually beneficial relationship, allowing for greater profit potential at the end with less risk.Through collaboration, an organization taps into unique resources which they dont have, such as unique products and services, marketing channels, and staff strength with specialized skill sets.A few important characteristics to note in Phase 5 are:Collaboration revolves around a more flexible and behavioral management approach.The goal is on solving problems quickly through teamwork.Teams are merged to handle specific task based on their specialties.Staff experts at headquarters are combined into interdisciplinary teams, reduced in number, and reassigned â€" in a bid to consult field units.The matrix-type structure is implemented in order to bring together the right teams that can fix the crisis.Formal control systems are combined in a simple manner to function in single multipurpose systems.The key managers meet frequently to discuss major problems and how to curtail them.Well-crafted educational programs are employed to train managers in behavioral skills. This helps them in achieving better teamwork and conflict resolution.Real-time information systems ar e also integrated to help in the daily decision-making processes.Economic rewards are channeled towards team performance than to individual achievement.Experimenting with new processes and practices are encouraged throughout the different departments and the organization at large.As companies evolve, a lot of changes happen to the people, tools, and systems. This fifth stage of evolution (i.e., Collaboration) is where many large U.S. company are now at.As powerful as collaboration may be, it often ends with a crisis of Internal Growth â€" since further growth can only be made possible by developing strong partnerships with organizations within and outside the industry. Let’s discuss it briefly6. Growth Through Strategic AlliancesThe 6th phase in Greiners Growth Model wasnt there initially since most organizations do not pass through the same growth pattern.New businesses may not have fully embraced collaboration yet, whereas established large companies may no longer be sold on the idea of growth through creativity since they have gone beyond that phase.According to Greiner, theres a need for this sixth phase â€" because organizational growth may continue through merger, networks, technology, outsourcing, and other effective solutions involving other companies in their locality and globally.There comes a time when the market controls the growth rate of an organization. This can pose a problem with transitioning to new markets and terrains if the market has a strong influence on the organization.Truly, alliances are on the increase. According to PwC, Strategic alliances and joint ventures are a viable means of achieving growth in 2018.Through strategic alliances, an organization is able to establish a strong growth strategy. This provides an alternative to the organic means of building a new venture from scratch.It also streamlines that inorganic option of making an acquisition â€" thus paving a channel for consistent growth and expansion of the company.PwC, i n its 21st annual CEO survey results, found that 47% of US CEOs plan to pursue and embrace a new joint venture or strategic alliance with the sole intent of driving corporate growth or profitability.This interest and trend in forming strategic joint ventures have increased in North America with 53% of CEOs planning to initiate a strong alliance in the coming year.A successful strategic alliance can be formed by understanding and implementing these seven factors, according to the same PwC’s 21st CEO Survey.USING THE GREINER CURVE FOR YOUR ORGANIZATIONS GROWTHIf you’re starting a new venture or looking to grow an existing business, you’re better equipped to anticipate the crisis that may occur if you study the Greiner Growth Model closely.This model helps you to plan effectively so that you can cope with the next growth transitions.Follow these steps to effectively apply the Greiner Growth Model in your organization:Step #1: Understand where your organization’s position.Theres a leadership pattern in every phase of the Greiner Growth Curve. This leadership pattern most often tends to sabotage change. How?Consider the senior leaders, top executives, and founders who have been at the forefront of the organization; thinking, exploring, and debating about the change they want to see in the organization.When they finally announce plans for a new system or initiative, it could get the staff confused or sad, to say the least, especially if the initiative doesnt suit their personality or internal culture. Employees can lose focus and attention.Maintaining and managing employees’ focus could be one of the organization’s most valuable asset. You a conscious effort to keep employees engaged at work.Focus on solving the pressing problems in the organization.“Business leaders often solve the wrong problem or focus on the left when the threat or opportunity is coming from the right” Paul ShoemakerSince the staff members were not a part of the discussions and are not acquainted with all the so-called nice reasons for the change, leaders experience resistance from their followers.Thats why knowing where your organization is at the moment positions you to either take a particular decision or leave it for the future.If youre a Tech. Company, for example, you need to understand that the end-user also matters in your decision-making processes.Step #2: Understand your organization’s growth phase and prepare for the next transition.This could be the best time to analyze your processes and determine whether the organization has reached the first second or third phase of growth.Is it approaching a ‘crisis’ period or transition?Look out for these signs of “crisis”:Staff members are not happy with managers and feel that company procedures are hindering them from doing their best work.People feel they’re underpaid or not fairly rewarded for the work they do, the unseen gestures they extend, and even the extra hours they worked in the org anization.There’s a higher staff turnover than is expected. They’re not just happy.If you notice any of these signs or even similar signs in the organization, then it may not be the right time to transition or implement a new strategy because it can disrupt the processes in the organization.Give it more time to bring the employees to a place where they’re prepared and ready to embrace a new initiative.Step #3: Anticipate and plan for change.Change management is an important metric that deals with assessing people and culture to determine how previous changes and a proposed new change in business strategies, organizational structures, technology, processes, and design will impact the organization.In order to successfully plan for change, the management must consider employees and joint ventures.Otherwise, their change may not go well with the system. According to Pulse Learning, “70% of change initiatives fail due to unproductive management behavior and negative employee beh aviors.”Anna Sacio-Szymanska shared a case study of a large private company from fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector, based in Poland.The company utilized the methodology of foresight to clearly understand the employees and end user before embracing a change. They anticipated what the outcomes would be beforehand.No matter the crisis that comes with growth, an entrepreneur could fly above it by anticipating and planning for change; which is inevitable.CONCLUSIONWhen an entrepreneur knows exactly what needs to be achieved in the organization and how to anticipate change, it’s time to take action based on the plans.By clearly defining the crisis that occurs at different organizational growth levels, it’s a lot easier to fix the problems.You should revisit Greiner’s Growth Curve Model regularly (every 6-12 months) and you’ll understand how the current phase of growth in your organization impacts the employees, the customers, and the external partners.

Strategic Relations Between Saudi Arabia And Iraq

Strategic, cooperative relationships between states in the Middle East have tended to be inconsistent and volatile - examples being the alliance between Egypt and Syria that coalesced into the short-lived United Arab Republic in 1958 and the shifting relationships between Saudi Arabia and Iraq . In fact, in Walt’s list of eighteen Middle Eastern regional alliances formed between 1955 and 1979, none lasted for longer than five years (Walt, 1987, p.150). In light of this heritage, it is therefore particularly remarkable that the most persistent regional arrangement to-date has been between Syria, a secular, Arab and predominantly Sunni state and Iran, a Persian, Shia theocracy. And the relationship has certainly been persistent, with the†¦show more content†¦President al-Assad of Syria and his inner circle are Alawites; a religious sect that broke from mainstream Shi’ism in the 9th century. As a member of a Shia minority running an otherwise predominantly Sunni state , it would seem natural to look to Iran for support. From Iran’s perspective too, when viewed though this sectarian prism, it would seem to be expedient to support a nominally Shia regime in order to prevent Syria becoming another member of the regional ‘Sunni camp’. In support of this analysis, Agha and Khalidi claim that â€Å"the Shiite-Alawite connection did play an important part in the development of Syrian-Iranian relations and may in fact be seen as one of the main motors of the of the emerging alliance between the two countries† (Agha and Khalidi, 1995, p.4). Others extend this idea of a ‘sectarian allegiance’ further, describing it as part of a ‘Shia Crescent’ that encompasses not only Iran and Syria but also post-war Iraq and the increasingly significant Hezbollah movement in Lebanon. This approach clearly sees religion as a ‘key binding agent’ in this regional configuration. So is this a persuasive analysis? Certainly, sectarianism has played a significant role in the domestic political history of both nations. In Syria, as Horowitz explains â€Å"ethnic politics is defined in confessional terms† (Horowitz, 2001, p.492) with the Ba’athist coup of 1963 being followed by purges of Sunnis from the military and civil services until by 1969 â€Å"the Alawi were left

Theories And Arguments Inherit The Wind By Jerome...

STAGE 1 – DESIRED RESULTS Unit Title: Theories Arguments – â€Å"Inherit the Wind† by Jerome Lawrence Robert E. Lee Established Goals: Students compose thoughtful, analytical arguments rooted in their own ideologies about religion, science, and the world today. Students develop arguments (not opinions!) about aforementioned themes (i.e. religion, science, power, traditions, professionalism, separation of beliefs and state, etc.). They utilize discussions, debates, current events, and our readings of the play â€Å"Inherit the Wind† to develop these notions. Students support their claims with concrete, relevant evidence and quotes from a wide array of valid, credible sources (both written and graphic). Students revisit how the world and our country have developed over time in regards to religious beliefs and traditions vs. scientific discoveries and achievements. They trace how individuals have come together or been torn apart by differences in customs, practices, and teachings. They study this at the personal, school, community, national, and international levels. They compare and contrast actions and reactions taken over time and draw conclusions about people from them. Understandings: Students will understand that†¦ Religion and science play crucial roles in defining who we are and our outlook on societal norms. Our values and beliefs are shaped by both nature and nurture. Justice can be found in the most unlikely of places. Our personal and professional lives can overlap,Show MoreRelatedThe Scopes Monkey Trial And On Debating The Legality Of Teaching Evolution1037 Words   |  5 Pagesabout Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution, but at the same time there are many who refuse to learn about it. In the Scopes Monkey Trial and in the movie Inherit the Wind a trial is going on debating the legality of teaching evolution. Though there are still issues that arise with teaching evolution it is currently accepted more than it is debated against. Evolution is a scientifically tested and proven concept and should be taught in science classes. The biggest argument against evolution is religionRead MoreInherit The Wind, By Charles Darwin1585 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation, could it not be concluded that all living things are, to some degree, related? Yes. To further explain, evolution is a theory that states that organisms have diversified or in other words, have changed into a more complex living thing. In the book Inherit The Wind, the townsfolk of the play disagree heavily with the theory of evolution. Common ancestry is the theory that states that all living things share a common ancestor or common descendent, which then ties into evolution. Speciation, bothRead MoreInherit The Wind By Jerome Lawrence And Robert E. Lee2023 Words   |  9 PagesInherit the Wind, a play written by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee was a very influential plays for its time. The play is based on the 1925 Scopes trial in Dayton, Tennessee. The scopes trial was known as â€Å"The Trial of the Century and helped expose the controversy be tween the Christian theory of creationism and the scientific theory of evolution. The play, which was published years after the trial, helped expose many Americans to the cultural divide between science and faith in our nation. It

God according to Crimes and Misdemeanors Essay - 806 Words

God is always watching. This is what the first couple of scenes in Woody Allen’s movie Crimes and Misdemeanors would seem to imply but as the movie continues its message about god and a just universe flips back and forth as events go unpunished or the good go unrewarded. God and who god is are the main themes of this movie and as the movie progresses each character shapes his beliefs of god on what happens as they live their life. A main character, Judah, an ophthalmologist who runs into some issues and takes the unmoral path, struggles with his idea of god throughout the entire movie. The other poignant character played by Woody Allen, is Cliff Stern whom is an aspiring documentary director making his masterpiece about a philosopher†¦show more content†¦All this comes together to show that Judah’s view of god in the beginning is a distant one and one that does not interfere with the world. The god Judah perceives quickly changes into a very present and wr athful god when the woman involved with Judah in an affair, Dolores, is murdered as Judah arranged through his mobster brother. Suddenly god becomes very present for Judah in the form of him having to bear his conscious and he becomes fearful of god. Judah now sees god as he was taught by his very religious father to see god—watching, judging and unforgiving. This becomes too much for Judah and his life becomes burdened by his thoughts and he awaits the day of his judgment when his life is ruined and he is discovered. This judgment that Judah awaits is something that he realizes is a construct of his own mind as time goes on and nothing happens to him and the murder is never linked to him. At this point Judah is relieved of his stress and conscious is cleared. God no longer a concern and as far as Judah is concerned, doesn’t exist. He faces no consequences and is free from concern. 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The criminal was condemned to death for magical practices and ordered to commit suicide.† Punishments for Egyptian crimes ranged from flogging in misdemeanors to being rolled naked in thorns and then burned for parricide, which is the killing of aRead MoreChinua Achebes Things Fall Apart1601 Words   |  7 Pages During the mid 1800s and 1900s, the continent of Africa was being invaded by European superpower nations such as Great Britain, France, and others. The proper act was named as Colonialism which according to my lecture notes means: â€Å"a racially based system of political, economical, and cultural domination forced on an indigenous majority by a technological superior foreign minority† (Zeitler). For instance, many European nations enforced imperialism on the continent of Africa because of its recently

King Richard Third Essay Example For Students

King Richard Third Essay Explain the importance of Act 1 Scene 1 to King Richard Third Discuss your ideas for presenting these scenes and say, how successfully you think the Loncraine Version interpreted them  This plays deals with the story of King Richard third, Duke of Gloucester, and reflects on how he gained the English Throne. The genre is history although in our terms it changed to horror due to the number of deaths that take place among the characters throughout the film. Richard becomes the focus of the play; it is structured to allow the audience to feel involved and complicit in his crimes. The backdrop to the play is the infamous civil conflict, the war of the roses. The play is presented in the Tudor perspective. It was written to flatter the monarchy. Therefore, Shakespeare portrayed Richard in a negative light as a deformed, obsessive villain not a hero.  The conflict of the war of the roses was a brutal civil war where Queen Elizabeths godfather Henry VII defeated Richard and gained the throne of England, the first Tudor monarch. In this way, Shakespeare indicated that the Tudors were the founders of peace, ending the war of the roses in favour of Elizabeth.  The civil war affected people badly, throughout the whole British Isles. Shakespeares language indicates that after the civil conflict, everybody was involved in great celebrations. The language of war is balanced clearly with the language of pleasure. The great celebration indicates to the reader how the good overcame the evil i.e. the Tudors being good.  This correspondence is indicated through; Our stern alarms changd to merry meetings or Our dreadful marches to delightful measures. These contrasts indicate to the reader how one wartime use is being changed to a celebration indicating the idea of peace, stability and national unity. With, Our Stern alarms changd to merry meetings indicates through the alliteration of the m how much partying is taking place. Moreover, Our dreadful marches to delightful measures; this balance is further enhanced through the double vowel sound with the d and the m. This further enhances the use of national unity and collaboration. In the opening soliloquy, Richard uses personification of winter to exemplify war and the discontent of people. His metaphor for peacetime is glorious summer. These uses of seasonal metaphors are used to create contrasting ideas of war and peace.  Richards decision to be a bad is conveyed clearly, in his simple line; I am determined to be a villain.  From lines 10 to 14, Shakespeare uses various metaphors for love making and dancing and describes Edward IV as having an unrestrained appetite for sex. Yet, through all this bitterness he clearly describes his deformities; Deformd unfinished sent before my time.  He indicates to the reader how there is nothing for him to do but to look at his deformities; Have no delight but to pass away the time. The reader feels obliged to feel sorry for Richard as he suggests that nobody would love him yet he wants not just the pity of the audience but to entertain them and himself, telling them how he is not a victim but a villain to entertain these fair well spoken days.  Richards deformities obviously cause him pain, as he describes to the reader sportive tricks in which he is unable to advance. As during this period people were celebrating due to the post of the civil crisis, yet he is unable to perform these rituals and he feels an outcast of which the audience feels they can relate to. Richardss resentfulness and enviousness towards Edward is clearly indicated in lines 10-13. He refers to Edward as he, describing him as wanton and lustful. Richard reveals this as a weakness.  These lines unbalance the view of social legitimacy-how if anyone challenged or sought to change his or her place they would be defying God.  Richard describes his relationship with Edward in more detail in lines 31-36. In these lines he indicates to the reader how naive and simple Edward is contrasting to himself as false and subtle. .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de , .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .postImageUrl , .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de , .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de:hover , .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de:visited , .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de:active { border:0!important; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de:active , .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u486abb6e22c92dbe8f233928d84b62de:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The plays key themes EssayRichard indicates to the reader his greed and his ever flourishing yearn for power indicating to the reader that these would be the good ingredients need for a good king which Edward clearly lacks.  Richardss manipulative skills are shown widely in lines 30-42. In these consecutive lines, Richard shows his treacherous and deceitful behaviour in which he is able to switch on and off. This opaque behaviour enhances his complex character and illustrates his ability to be a good actor.

Reckless Driving Essay Sample free essay sample

What is foolhardy driving what are some illustrations of foolhardy drive and what are the effects of foolhardy drive? Foolhardy drive is a traveling misdemeanor. A traveling misdemeanor is any misdemeanor committed by the driver of a vehicle while it is in gesture. Traveling misdemeanors are more likely to straight do physical injury to individuals and or belongings. Peoples who are convicted of this offense can confront a all right. exile. annulment of word. and the suspension or cancellation of driver’s licence. In some countries. the punishments vary. depending on the particulars of the discourtesy. and the jurisprudence may hold several classs established. In order to be considered foolhardy driving. activity on the route must include a demonstrated neglect for the safety of belongings. animate beings. and people. Person who is driving recklessly may hold a wilful neglect of safety. or may merely hold a motiveless attitude about the regulations of the route. We will write a custom essay sample on Reckless Driving Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In either instance. in order for people to be successfully convicted. presentation of the neglect must be provided in the signifier of testimony from informants about the person’s drive. Police officers. for illustration. can attest about seeing person engage in a series of foolhardy Acts of the Apostless. Some illustrations of foolhardiness can include disregarding basic safety Torahs. such as Torahs prohibiting people to go through in forepart of oncoming traffic. Torahs forbiding traversing train paths in forepart of an oncoming train. and Torahs modulating velocity. Peoples who exceed the velocity bound by an remarkably high sum may be considered foolhardy drivers because they are seting other drivers in danger. Likewise. activities like sheering. repeatedly driving through ruddy visible radiations. and so forth can besides be evidences for charges. as can driving with the purpose to evade a constabulary officer.

The Domestication of Horses

The Domestication of Horses Domestication is the process by which humans take wild species and acclimatize them to breeding and surviving in captivity. In many cases, domesticated animals serve some purpose for humans (food source, labor, companionship). The process of domestication results in physiological and genetic changes in the organisms over generations. Domestication differs from taming in that tamed animals are born in the wild while domesticated animals are bred in captivity. When Where Were Horses Domesticated? The history of horses in human culture can be traced back as far as 30,000 BC when horses were depicted in Paleolithic cave paintings. The horses in the paintings resembled wild animals and it is thought that true domestication of horses did not occur for tens of thousands of years to come. It is thought that the horses depicted in the Paleolithic cave paintings were hunted for their meat by humans. There are several theories as to when and where domestication of the horse occurred. Some theories estimate that domestication occurred at about 2000 BC while other theories place domestication as early as 4500 BC. Evidence from mitochondrial DNA studies suggests that the domestication of horses occurred in multiple locations and at various times. It is generally thought that Central Asia is among the sites that domestication occurred, with sites in Ukraine and Kazakhstan providing archeological evidence. What Role Did the First Domesticated Horses Play? Throughout history, horses have been used for riding and for pulling carriages, chariots, plows, and carts. They played a significant role in warfare by carrying soldiers into battle. Because the first domesticated horses are thought to have been quite small, it is more likely that they were used to pull carts than for riding.

Arranged Marriages within the Indian and Chinese Cultures Research Paper

Arranged Marriages within the Indian and Chinese Cultures - Research Paper Example Arranged marriage should not be confused with forced marriage in which one party is forced to get married to another. Arranged marriages are the responsibilities of older family members, parents, matchmaking agents or trusted parties. In some cultures, courting is not prevalent. Spouses are brought together by their parents. In this case, it is the responsibility of the parent to see to it that his or her child passes the marital rites. This way, the adult children see it as a norm. The people who are responsible for the arrangement marriages might be subjective to emotional infatuation and come up with illogical decisions. In either case, intra-generational relationships supersede marital relationships. Following the partners sharing some factors, it is believed that some form of understanding develops between the couple and the relationship lasts. Discussion Arranged marriages are practiced in China and India with the sole aim of maintaining the social caste. Families bring the chi ldren together so that they may keep the family ties strong. In India, arranged marriages, though discouraged, are widely practiced. The parents see it as their personal responsibility to ensure that their children pass their marital rites. The legal age for marriages in India is 18 for females and 21 for males. However, through arranged marriages, family members marry their girls as early as 15 but the marriages consummated after the ages of 18 (Seymour and Seymour 132). In China, arranged marriages are practiced at a low rate because the pace of technology in the country does not allow for conservation of some cultural practices. Females are supposed to marry at the age of 21 and 23 for males. This means that the parents can only seek for suitors for the children at the right age. However, in China, people are given the right to choose their partners and it is only after they have made their choices that the parents can intervene in wedding preparations (Fox 191). Similarities Arr anged marriages are common in the Chinese and Indian cultures. These two cultures share a number of factors they put into consideration when coming up with the best match. Among the major factors is that of religion. In both cultures, it is believed that the preference should be given to the people sharing same spiritual and religious beliefs. Culture and caste is also another most common factor considered in both cultures. When picking on the matches, food habits, language, and region are considered so that the couple shares the same culture (Fox 182). The reputation of each party together with that of the family and friends that directly affect the reputation of the party is considered. One can have a good reputation but fail to be selected because of the bad reputation of his or her friends or family members. Dowry is an extremely important factor for both cultures, thus, a match would be selected from people sharing the same social class. A lady from a wealthy family background would have a match selected from a gentleman with a similar family background (Reaves 4). Vocation is another factor considered in both cultures. However, the location of the man matters more than that of the woman. The man has to provide for the family and as a result, he should be with a substantial amount of income.  

The Role of Financial and Accounting Management Essay

The Role of Financial and Accounting Management - Essay Example The income statements are prepared to measure the net income of the organization during a specific period. It compares the revenues and expenses related to the specified period for the purpose of measuring the performance of the firm in terms of profitability, costs incurred and revenues generated. Using this statement, the managers are enabled to compare the previous periods’ results with that of the current period and measure the performance of the firm on the basis of the differences that occurred. For instance, an increase in expenses may help the managers analyze the situations that resulted in excess expenditure. The possible reasons may include increased losses due to poor working conditions, poor employee performance, change of material, increase in production and sales or so on. Hence, the statement of comprehensive income helps in measuring the performance of the business with its own past performance and provides help to the managers with the identification of risk elements that are affecting the performance of the firm. Ratio analysis is another important measure that helps in the measurement of the performance within the organization by comparing the current period’s results with the past results. The statement of changes in equity also helps in the measurement of the changes that occurred in the owner’s equity and the trends that are seen in the contributed capital and retained earnings of the firm. An increase or decrease in the equity shows the performance of the firm over a period of time.

Hiv Aids Media In Uk Health And Social Care Essay

Hiv Aids Media In Uk Health And Social Care Essay It is estimated that over 30 million people worldwide live with HIV leading to around 2 million deaths per year. In the UK HIV is one of the fastest growing illnesses and as of June 2010 there has been 26,262 new cases of AIDS diagnosis with over 19,000 HIV related deaths.  [i]   Despite various health and government campaigns designed to inform the public of HIV transmission and prevention in the UK; rates of diagnosis of the disease still continue to rise. This essays aims to understand if media campaigns are effective to induce a change in both prevention and the number of individuals who are willing to undergo testing? If this is not the case then what factors contribute to its current stigma? Finally, has the media been effective enough to change the publics perception to the disease in todays society compared to when it first hit the headlines? Through these arguments, conclusions and recommendations for future effective awareness and media techniques can be drawn. The History of AIDS in the media The media is considered to be the most influential tool having a direct ability to influence mass target audiences. This was made more powerful through the invention of the internet where information could be broadcast worldwide, allowing more people than ever to access information. Throughout the years, portrayal of HIV and AIDS through newspapers, television, radio, posters, leaflets and educational advertisements have had a direct effect on the way the disease is perceived by the general public. For example, when AIDS first hit the global headlines in the early 1980s it was displayed by the media as being a new, unknown disease with a direct link to individuals only involved in homosexual activity. This reflected a time where same sex relationships were frowned upon and how this taboo was seen to result in death. There were also cases of how infected blood transfusion products acted as a transmission route, this led to terms such as killer blood  [ii]  and labelling AIDS as a gay plaque  [iii]  . The early perception of the disease is shown through newspapers including influential and renounced broadsheets like The Daily Telegraph in 1983 with their main headline of Gay Plague May Lead to Blood Ban on Homosexuals. This was a paper which was targeted at many affluent people with a high degree of social status and education. In 1982 The Terrence Higgins Trust was formed, the first campaign of its kind. This charity group was dedicated in supporting, preventing and campaigning for greater public understanding of HIV. Through this new slant of providing a support frame work for infected individuals, charities started to focus on prevention, education and aiding the families of those affected. Through the growth of science and research more understanding was obtained about the disease and it was no longer a fear of the unknown but more focus on how transmission of the disease can be prevented. Hence this lead to government campaigns in the new millennia, educating the general population rather than inducing fear. The perception and stigma of HIV Today there is still a wide stigma which surrounds many cultures, religious and ethic groups. Landlords have evicted individuals with AIDS and the Social Security Administration is interviewing patients by phone rather than face to face.  [iv]  Dr David Spencer, Commisioner of Health, New York City The question lies in whether the media has been effective enough to overcome stigmatisation within the associated groups. An eye opening story of how AIDS has been portrayed through the media and its direct influence on discrimination and prejudice was shown by the case of Ryan White, a haemophiliac who became infected in 1984. As HIV was poorly understood at the time, many parents and teachers protested against his attendance, signing petitions to exclude him from campus even though scientists at the time knew that HIV was not transmittable through any form of casual contact. He worked as a paperboy and many people along his route cancelled their subscriptions in fear that the disease was contractible through newsprint. This shows the extent of how HIV was perceived and the fear of contraction, which instigated threats of violence and legal cases towards the family. When White was allowed to return to school in 1986 he was deeply unhappy. He had few friends and school policy required him to eat with disposable utensils, have a separate bathroom and his requirement to attend gym class was dismissed. How ever, the most shocking event came about when a bullet was fired through the Whites front room window and the family decided it was time to leave. He was later enrolled into another school and was greeted by the superintendent and a handful of students who were educated about the disease and who were not afraid to shake his hand. This shows the detrimental difference that education makes towards public perception and how prejudice and discrimination can be limited.  [v]   Hence through the array of inaccurate information, the fear of prejudice and discrimination has lead to stigmatisation. This has had an effect on the willingness of individuals to acquire HIV testing, and be open about a positive status despite the reduced visibility of the symptoms of the disease such as skin and muscle wastage. The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 has made discrimination within the workplace illegal for people associated with HIV and AIDS. However this does not combat the prejudice and stigmatisation an individual may encounter from their colleagues. Hence subtle discrimination is more common as it is difficult to tackle in comparison to open discrimination. These are the reasons why people choose not to disclose their HIV status, as for many people living with the disease the most hurtful prejudice that they may face comes from those to who they would normally turn to for support. Close family, friends and partners have been known to turn their back on people diagnosed with HIV. In addition, the sense of belonging that being part of a community provides can quickly disappear when that community appears to discriminate against you simply because of its own prejudice against HIV, this often leads to financial and further social difficulties. The media is therefore faced with the difficult task of changing peoples perceptions, of which there have been a few successful outcomes. EastEnders a popular UK television soap explored the issues of HIV and AIDS with regards to antiretroviral drugs, safe sex, prejudice and the difficulties that can occur in a relationship. The producers worked closely with The Terrence Higgins Trust throughout the story and it was found that after the characters positive diagnosis in 1991 this correlated with the highest peak in HIV testing requests  [vi]  . This was influential as the soap showed someone living with HIV as opposed to dying with the disease, and the storyline was so successful in raising awareness that a 1999 survey conducted by the National AIDS Trust found teenagers got most of their information about HIV from the soap.  [vii]  When the character died in 2004 campaigners suggested that he was killed too early as advancements in drugs were helping people live much longer a nd was not reflective of what was happening at the time. Lisa Power, head of policy at the Terrence Higgins Trust, stated that, one decent soap episode is worth a thousand leaflets in schools. That is why we would always go out of our way to help scriptwriters. TV and films can be very powerful.  [viii]  Ã‚   How the media has changed the perception of HIV /AIDS Horizon produced a BBC documentary Killer in the Village which showed the perception that the media had of HIV and AIDS back in 1983. Terms such as killer disease highlighted the fear of the disease by gay men who walk in its shadow. Even though the programmes aim was to provide information on this new cancer the way that the issue was dealt with showed the prejudice that even health care workers and politicians who tried to shed light on the subject held.  [ix]   Advertisements were steamed on TV warning viewers about contracting the disease which would lead to death. They were not based on educating the public but mostly warning of the dangers of the disease, this was perhaps due to the lack of understanding of the topic. This is clearly shown in one of the earlier T.V advertisements produced in Australia in 1987.  [x]  Here we see that AIDS has been given the face of the grim reaper, a metaphoric analogy showing that AIDS equals death. He is seen to throw a bowling bowl at his target the general public and they are seen to fall which is a symbol of death. Another advert produced in the US in the same year shows a vulnerable child lying in bed with the disease and with his last breathe reaches out to the public with the message DONT GET IT!.  [xi]   The later HIV and AIDS television campaigns have become the main source of education for the general public with information commercials showing links to help lines for more information. Marketers feel in order to sell their products to the teenage target audience they have to use sex to appeal to them, this is shown though clothing and perfume lines. Therefore it is evident to get teenagers attention about the dangers of unprotected sex, advertisements have had to be made more graphical and explicit. This is made apparent through later television campaigns as such produced by MTV in 1999  [xii]  where couples are seen to engage in intercourse in a relatable fashion and then the newly infected partner is shot by the infected one. This would have seen to be too controversial back in the 1980s. However towards the end of the commercial it shows a bullet being stopped by a condom, this analogy of how death can be stopped by wearing a condom adds a powerful element in getting the mes sage across. A recent advertisement campaign produced by the NHS in 2009  [xiii]  again showed couples engaging in risky sexual behaviour. Names of STIs such as chlamydia and gonorrhoea were shown throughout the commercial however notably there was no mention of HIV or AIDS. For what possible reason has HIV and AIDS, which a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide appear to have been forgotten in recent campaigns? Perhaps the predominance of HIV transmission in the media in previous years had overshadowed more s common and less serious STIs, decreasing their awareness and allowing them to rise significantly. As a result, government and health authorities could be trying to draw greater focus to these, meanwhile dangerously oversighting the significant risk of HIV transmission in todays young population. In more recent times, the media has tried to make HIV and AIDS more relatable to the general public by using celebrities and figure heads. Celebrities with HIV and AIDS are not shown in a bad light but more of a lesson to be learned from. They have been seen as individuals who people look up to as role models and leaders, where people form an identification with them hence they can relate to these individuals including famous people such as Rock Hudson and Freddy Mercury who lost their lives to AIDS. One significant change that aadvertising has provided is promoting the use of condoms with slogans such as stay safe, use a condom  [xiv]  , highlighting condoms as an important factor in the prevention pathway. In March 2009, during the Popes visit to Africa the Pope denounced the use of condoms saying that the best way to be free of the disease was through abstinence. However, in November he changed his statement saying that the use of condoms to reduce the risk of infection is a first step on the road to a more human sexuality, rather than not to use it and risk the lives of others.  [xv]   The change in the perception of both the media and the public can be seen through the introduction of HIV dating websites and international conferences held for journalists to provide them with the latest statistics and different ways of educating the public. Conclusions and Recommendations HIV is on the increase and still continues to rise regardless of media attention. A press release from NAT (a UK charity designed to change societys view on HIV/AIDS) in November 2010 revealed that in the UK the number of HIV transmissions being diagnosed still remains high with no hint of a decline when compared to previous years. The HPA (Health Protection Agency) has revealed that although overall rates of diagnoses have shown a decline, this is largely due to fewer diagnosis been made in those infected overseas. Therefore greater intervention other than media is required to make people more aware of the disease. The stigmatisation surrounding HIV and AIDS still continues and this also acts as barrier for people to willingly undergo testing. They believe a diagnosis could have a knock on effect amongst their social, religious and cultural group if anyone found out about their positive status, therefore by not being tested traps them into a false sense of security which acts as a source of denial. Therefore in order to overcome this barrier stigmatisation needs to be removed, the only reason why this is difficult is because people see it as a punishment for immoral behaviour and still associate the disease with drug use and homosexual behaviour whereas currently it is heterosexual women who have seen the biggest rise in new infection over the last decade with 4,220 cases acquired heterosexually in 2008 in comparison to only 2,760 acquired homosexually.  [xvi]   In todays society, the majority of young people see contraceptions main function as protection against pregnancy, not against diseases. Especially since the first hormonal contraceptive pill was approved by the FDA in 1960.  [xvii]  It is readily available and free of charge to young girls, therefore the use of condom is deemed unnecessary in some young peoples eyes. Therefore the use of a condom should be deemed as essential in sexual activity, not to prevent pregnancy, but to prevent a fatal disease. A further reason for the increased spread of HIV in the UK, is 18-30s holidays. These holidays, promoted through advertisement in the media, encourage binge drinking and sex. It is seen as one of the main attraction of the holiday. However, a combination of these results in a high risk of HIV transmission. Being under the influence of alcoholic hugely affects ones perception of safety and decreases the probability of remembering, or caring, if a condom is used. This alone would increase the spread of HIV. One of the most popular countries for these types of holidays is Greece. Over the last decade, Greece has experienced an influx of migrants from countries in South Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Asia and Africa. Studies show that 12% of new infections between the years 1989 and 2003 occurred in immigrants.  [xviii]   the results suggest an increasing trend of HIV-seropositive migrants in Greece during recent years.  [xix]   Therefore, these alcohol -fuelled holidays can result in people from the UK becoming infected with the virus and increasing the spread once returning to the UK. Recommendations A. Research should be undertaken to map the current prevalence of HIV prejudice and types of HIV discrimination experienced in the UK, and Terrence Higgins Trust should establish a database of case studies. B. The Department of Health should ensure that their concerns about the role of stigma in HIV transmission and illness be met by, amongst other strategies suggested here, supporting projects to aid people with HIV in challenging prejudice and discrimination through positive role models, speaker and media work and support networks. C. The Government should enact agreed proposals to extend the Disability Discrimination Act to cover medical conditions from the point of diagnosis, rather than the onset of illness, in the next legislative session. D. Health promotion agencies producing information on sexual health and HIV should include, as appropriate, messages countering prejudice and discrimination both in the general population and within targeted communities. E. In addition to the Codes of Practice produced by the Disability Rights Commission offering guidance to the providers of goods and services about their legal obligations, the Government should legislate to tackle the discrimination encountered by people with HIV and other medical conditions when they access goods and services. F. HIV prevention information targeting Africans, Black people and/or asylum seekers should be produced but their messages and formats need to take into account the concerns of these communities around potential prejudice. G. HIV information providers to African people in the UK should produce materials which make clear their medical and legal rights if diagnosed with HIV In conclusion the requirement of good HIV information through TV, wind-up radios (e.g. in Africa), HIV issues in soap-operas which are most influential, accessible HIV tests, expensive counselling for those proving positive, safe-sex promotion, fewer sexual partners, decreased alcohol use to avoid risky behaviour, and good trials found circumcision helps prevent HIV transmission is necessary to continue and increase prevention campaigns thus providing further education about the disease process, its transmission and how it can be prevented. Hence the mainstay of management relies on education including promotion of safe sex, needle exchange programmes, screening of blood transfusion products and public awareness campaigns. Therefore the only real way of getting rid of any associated stigma is to find a cure for HIV.

I Hate Shopping Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay about myself

Sometimes feel that I am not a normal woman. Most women enjoy going from one store to another, looking for a blouse, only to go back to the first store to get the blouse they looked at first. I hate shopping. Shopping wastes my time, wastes my energy, and, if I do the typical woman routine, wastes my money. So, do not ask me to go to the mall for the evening because I will respectfully decline. I hate shopping. Â   I hate to be in the shoe department of a store. It seems that I always have to wait for the salesperson who is waiting on Mrs. Shoe Queen. She is trying on twenty pairs while I impatiently pace the carpet to threads. This is what I mean by shopping is a waste of time. I, on the other hand, know what I want to purchase before I leave the house. My steps for shopping are: first, make a list; second, go directly to the item; and finally, go straight to the cash register. By following this simple plan, no extra time is wasted in my shopping adventures. Â   Not only my time is in demand, and I try to use it wisely, but my energy is limited. I ...

M2 Compare the Effectiveness of Different Teams

Amy Waldock Amy Waldock M2 compare the effectiveness of different teams Clarifying objects in my team we clarified objectives by listening to the team leader and the man in charge of the activities at Blacklands farm and asking him questions about the activities to make sure that everyone fully understood everything.Compared to my team in the bridge building challenge we listened to the team leader and asked questions a lot more so therefore the work done at Blacklands farm was a lot more successful. Agreeing tasks at Blacklands farm we agreed on the tasks by communicating with each team member to get everyone’s point of view to make sure that everyone got a say in to what they thought, by doing this it meant that everyone in the team agreed on the approach to the task.Sometimes someone would disagree with an idea which could cause conflict in the group, we dealt with this by taking a vote and going with what was voted the most. When doing the bridge building challenge becaus e my group only consisted of three people there was less conflict in the group because it was easier for us to agree on the task, it was also easier because we had a team leader so we just went along with what he said.Valuing people valuing people was very important at Blacklands farm because the tasks set were very full on and physically hard so it was essential that every team member was valued as an individual and involved because with tasks such as the spider’s web every bit of help was needed. Even though the bridge building challenge wasn’t as physical it was still very important that each team member was valued equally because the task involved a lot of concentration and tactical skills.Being receptive to feedback at Blacklands farm we did a task that we failed on a number of times so our team leader stopped us and gave us feedback on what we was doing right and what we was doing wrong and what we could do to complete the task more quickly and easily. Me and my team listened to our team leader and were receptive to his feedback and did as he said and to our advantage completed the task.When doing the bridge building challenge we were given feedback on ways of how to complete the challenge more quickly and successfully, unfortunately me and my group did not pay attention to the feedback and therefore our bridge was not completed in time. Maintaining focus maintaining focus at Blacklands farm was important for a lot of the tasks because if focus was lost it could affect the whole team and make a certain task fail, at times it was hard to maintain a focus because of cold weather and muddy conditions.To maintain a focus we pulled together as a group and were motivated by our team leader and team members. It was hard to maintain a focus when doing the bridge building challenge for my group because at times each team member would get frustrated when things weren’t going as planned, we maintained a focus by thinking of the prize that coul d be won to whoevers bridge could hold the most amount of glue sticks.Encouraging other team members to recommend improvements this was important at Blacklands farm because if there was something in the task that wasn’t going to plan it could be changed and improved for the better of the group. When doing the bridge building challenge it wasn’t as important to encourage a team member to recommend improvements because there was only three people in our group and we voted on who should be team leader so we was confident that who we had chosen knew what was right so we went with what they said.Dealing with conflict at Blacklands farm because my team worked very well together so there was hardly any conflict, but if there was conflict we dealt with this by discussing the problem together as a group and then discussing what would be the best approach to the problem and if necessarily to take a vote. If there was any conflict whilst doing the bridge building challenge we de alt with this by letting the matter fall into the team leaders hand and letting them decide the best option for the group, by doing this it avoided more conflict.Communication methods at Blacklands farm we communicated by asking questions to make sure that everything was covered and so that everyone had a good understanding of the task, we also listened to each team member when they spoke to maintain a good communication within the whole team. At times we used body language to communicate with team members by using expressions as thumbs up and thumbs down to indicate yes or no.We also had to use body language in one task where we were asked to get in a line according to birth date but without talking so in this task we used our hands to indicate numbers. Unlike at Blacklands farm when doing the bridge building challenge we weren’t asked to do anything without talking so body language wasn’t as necessary, we still had to constantly ask questions and listen to team memb ers to maintain a good relationship in the team and to make sure that communication was maintained. M2 Compare the Effectiveness of Different Teams Amy Waldock Amy Waldock M2 compare the effectiveness of different teams Clarifying objects in my team we clarified objectives by listening to the team leader and the man in charge of the activities at Blacklands farm and asking him questions about the activities to make sure that everyone fully understood everything.Compared to my team in the bridge building challenge we listened to the team leader and asked questions a lot more so therefore the work done at Blacklands farm was a lot more successful. Agreeing tasks at Blacklands farm we agreed on the tasks by communicating with each team member to get everyone’s point of view to make sure that everyone got a say in to what they thought, by doing this it meant that everyone in the team agreed on the approach to the task.Sometimes someone would disagree with an idea which could cause conflict in the group, we dealt with this by taking a vote and going with what was voted the most. When doing the bridge building challenge becaus e my group only consisted of three people there was less conflict in the group because it was easier for us to agree on the task, it was also easier because we had a team leader so we just went along with what he said.Valuing people valuing people was very important at Blacklands farm because the tasks set were very full on and physically hard so it was essential that every team member was valued as an individual and involved because with tasks such as the spider’s web every bit of help was needed. Even though the bridge building challenge wasn’t as physical it was still very important that each team member was valued equally because the task involved a lot of concentration and tactical skills.Being receptive to feedback at Blacklands farm we did a task that we failed on a number of times so our team leader stopped us and gave us feedback on what we was doing right and what we was doing wrong and what we could do to complete the task more quickly and easily. Me and my team listened to our team leader and were receptive to his feedback and did as he said and to our advantage completed the task.When doing the bridge building challenge we were given feedback on ways of how to complete the challenge more quickly and successfully, unfortunately me and my group did not pay attention to the feedback and therefore our bridge was not completed in time. Maintaining focus maintaining focus at Blacklands farm was important for a lot of the tasks because if focus was lost it could affect the whole team and make a certain task fail, at times it was hard to maintain a focus because of cold weather and muddy conditions.To maintain a focus we pulled together as a group and were motivated by our team leader and team members. It was hard to maintain a focus when doing the bridge building challenge for my group because at times each team member would get frustrated when things weren’t going as planned, we maintained a focus by thinking of the prize that coul d be won to whoevers bridge could hold the most amount of glue sticks.Encouraging other team members to recommend improvements this was important at Blacklands farm because if there was something in the task that wasn’t going to plan it could be changed and improved for the better of the group. When doing the bridge building challenge it wasn’t as important to encourage a team member to recommend improvements because there was only three people in our group and we voted on who should be team leader so we was confident that who we had chosen knew what was right so we went with what they said.Dealing with conflict at Blacklands farm because my team worked very well together so there was hardly any conflict, but if there was conflict we dealt with this by discussing the problem together as a group and then discussing what would be the best approach to the problem and if necessarily to take a vote. If there was any conflict whilst doing the bridge building challenge we de alt with this by letting the matter fall into the team leaders hand and letting them decide the best option for the group, by doing this it avoided more conflict.Communication methods at Blacklands farm we communicated by asking questions to make sure that everything was covered and so that everyone had a good understanding of the task, we also listened to each team member when they spoke to maintain a good communication within the whole team. At times we used body language to communicate with team members by using expressions as thumbs up and thumbs down to indicate yes or no.We also had to use body language in one task where we were asked to get in a line according to birth date but without talking so in this task we used our hands to indicate numbers. Unlike at Blacklands farm when doing the bridge building challenge we weren’t asked to do anything without talking so body language wasn’t as necessary, we still had to constantly ask questions and listen to team memb ers to maintain a good relationship in the team and to make sure that communication was maintained.

Intonation and Stress Types for English Pronunciation

Improving sentence intonation is one of the key elements in English pronunciation. The four basic types of word stress that lead to proper intonation in English are: Tonic stressEmphatic stressContrastive stressNew information stress Tonic Stress Tonic stress refers to the syllable in a word which receives the most stress in an intonation unit. An intonation unit has one tonic stress. Its important to remember that a sentence can have more than one intonation unit, and therefore have more than one tonic stress. Here are some examples of intonation units with the tonic stress bolded: Hes waitingHes waiting / for his friendHes waiting / for his friend / at the station Generally, the final tonic stress in a sentence receives the most stress. In the above example, station receives the strongest stress. There are a number of instances in which the stress changes from this standard. Emphatic Stress If you decide to emphasize something, you can change the stress from the principal noun to another content word such as an adjective (big, difficult, etc.), intensifier (very, extremely, etc.) This emphasis calls attention to the extraordinary nature of what you want to emphasize. For example: That was a difficult test. - Standard statementThat was a difficult test. - Emphasizes how difficult the test was There are a number of adverbs and modifiers which tend to be used to emphasize in sentences that receive emphatic stress: ExtremelyTerriblyCompletelyUtterlyEspecially Contrastive Stress Contrastive stress is used to point out the difference between one object and another. Contrastive stress tends to be used with determiners such as this, that, these and those. For example: I think I prefer this color.Do you want these or those curtains? Contrastive stress is also used to bring out a given word in a sentence which will also slightly change the meaning. He came to the party yesterday. (It was he, not someone else.)He walked to the party yesterday. (He walked, rather than drove.)He came to the party yesterday. (It was a party, not a meeting or something else.)He came to the party yesterday. (It was yesterday, not two weeks ago or some other time.) New Information Stress When asked a question, the requested information is naturally stressed more strongly. For example: Where are you from? - I come from Seattle, in the USA.What do you want to do? - I want to go bowling.When does class begin? - The class begins at nine oclock. Use these various types of stress to help improve your pronunciation and understandability.